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Evaluating the Introduction of Humidified High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy Into an Australian Aeromedical Service Within a Paediatric Population: A Retrospective Cohort StudyHumidified high flow (HHF) oxygen is increasingly used to treat acute respiratory illnesses in children; however, use during aeromedical transfer is not well described. This was a retrospective cohort study. Children who were transferred from rural locations and were initiated on HHF prior to transfer between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2018 were identified from the Royal Flying Doctors Service database. Clinical variables prior to transfer, during flight and after transfer were collected from medical records and flight records.
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Realising the potential impact of artificial intelligence for rare diseases – A frameworkRare diseases (RD) are conditions affecting fewer than 1 in 2000 persons, with over 7000 largely genetic RDs affecting 3.5 %-5.9 % of the global population, or approximately 262.9–446.2 million people. The substantial healthcare burden and costs, such as the $1 trillion annual expense in the USA, highlight the urgent need for improved RD management. The International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) addresses this need through global collaboration, aiming for timely and accurate diagnosis, development of 1000 new therapies, and methodologies to measure impact by 2027.
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Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography compared with conventional video-electroencephalography for detection of neonatal seizuresBackground: Conventional video-electroencephalography (cEEG) is the reference standard for diagnosing and managing neonatal seizures. However, continuous bedside cEEG services are not available in most neonatal units. Hence, an alternative and relatively simple method called amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG), which uses a limited number of scalp electrodes, has become popular. aEEG allows continuous bedside monitoring of the electrical activity of the brain in neonates.
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Tumor site-directed A1R expression enhances CAR T cell function and improves efficacy against solid tumorsCitation: Sek K, Chen AXY, Cole T, Armitage JD, Tong J, ……… Waithman J, Parish IA, et al. Tumor site-directed A1R expression enhances CAR T cell
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Phenotypic, functional, and plasticity features of classical and alternatively activated human macrophagesHuman peripheral blood monocytes were differentiated into uncommitted macrophages (M0) and then polarized to M1 and M2 phenotypes using LPS/IFN-gamma...
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Ultraviolet radiation, vitamin D and multiple sclerosisRecent work highlights both vitamin D and non-vitamin D effects on cellular immunity that suggests that higher levels of sun exposure and/or vitamin D status...
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Rheumatic heart disease: Tools for implementing programmesThis article discusses the World Health Organization program for monitoring & managing rheumatic heart disease.
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The Halls Creek Community Families Program: Elements of the role of the child health nurse in development of a remoteThis study measures changes in participants' understanding of the role and scope of practice of the child health nurse facilitator, thereby supporting...
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Childhood maltreatment and transition to psychotic disorder independently predict long-term functioning in young people at ultra-high risk for psychosisIndividuals identified as at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis are at risk of poor functional outcome regardless of development of psychotic disorder.
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Respiratory tract exacerbations revisited: Ventilation, inflammation, perfusion, and structure (VIPS) monitoring to redefine treatmentFor cystic fibrosis (CF) patients older than 6 years there are convincing data that suggest respiratory tract exacerbations (RTE) play an important role in...