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Research

Patterns of recurrent preterm birth in Western Australia: A 36-year state-wide population-based study

It is known that a previous preterm birth increases the risk of a subsequent preterm birth, but a limited number of studies have examined this beyond two consecutive pregnancies. This study aimed to assess the risk and patterns of (recurrent) preterm birth up to the fourth pregnancy.

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SLC6A14 Impacts Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease Severity via mTOR and Epithelial Repair Modulation

Cystic fibrosis (CF), due to pathogenic variants in CFTR gene, is associated with chronic infection/inflammation responsible for airway epithelium alteration and lung function decline. Modifier genes induce phenotype variability between people with CF (pwCF) carrying the same CFTR variants. Among these, the gene encoding for the amino acid transporter SLC6A14 has been associated with lung disease severity and age of primary airway infection by the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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Quality of life in paediatric burn patients with non-severe burns

Burns are common worldwide, and the vast majority are non-severe burns of less than 20% of the total body surface area (TBSA). In Australia, paediatric burns account for a third of all burn admissions, thus understanding the quality-of-life outcomes after a non-severe burn in children is important.

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The Allure of Big Data to Improve Stroke Outcomes: Review of Current Literature

To critically appraise literature on recent advances and methods using "big data" to evaluate stroke outcomes and associated factors.

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Premedication with salbutamol prior to surgery does not decrease the risk of perioperative respiratory adverse events in school-aged children

Premedication with salbutamol to children prior to their surgery did not reduce their risk of Perioperative respiratory adverse events

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Increased CTLA-4+ T cells may contribute to impaired T helper type 1 immune responses in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic inflammation may expand sub-populations of T cells expressing CTLA-4 in COPD patients and therefore impair T-cell function

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Systematic analysis of transcription start sites in avian development

CAGE in combination with single-molecule sequencing technology allows mapping of TSSs and genome-wide capture of promoter activities state cell populations.

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Cochrane Corner: interventions to improve hearing aid use in adult auditory rehabilitation

This "Cochrane Corner" will be a recurring feature in the journal that highlights systematic reviews relevant to audiology, with invited commentary to aid clinical decision making.

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Relationship between out-of-home care placement history characteristics and educational achievement: A population level linked data study.

This study examined the influence of placement stability, reunification, type of care, time in care and age at entry to care on children's educational outcomes.

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New Opportunities for Evidence in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

Recent research, using objective 3-dimensional facial imaging, has found differences between the facial shape of individuals with FAS and the facial shape of individuals without FAS or with partial FAS