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Clinical, Radiologic, Pathologic, and Molecular Characteristics of Long-Term Survivors of Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine GliomaWe report clinical, radiologic, and molecular factors that correlate with survival in children and young adults with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
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"Pre-emptive strike"-the case for early treatment of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome with defibrotideWe describe the case of a child with a right 11th rib primitive neuroectodermal tumor who developed HSOS following focal radiotherapy and actinomycin-D treatment
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The importance of the exposome and allostatic load in the planetary health paradigmThe concept of planetary health emphasizes that human health is intricately connected to the health of natural systems within the Earth's biosphere
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Cord Blood IL-12 Confers Protection to Clinical Malaria in Early Childhood LifeCord blood background IL-12 concentrations are important for protecting children from clinical malaria
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Characterization of invasive Group B Streptococcus isolates from Western Australian infants, 2004-2020Invasive Group B Streptococcus remains a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis has been implemented in many countries with a reduction in early-onset disease, but an effective vaccine may further reduce the disease burden. Candidate vaccines targeting capsular polysaccharides and surface proteins are now in clinical trials.
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Design and selection of drug properties to increase the public health impact of next-generation seasonal malaria chemoprevention: a modelling studySeasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is recommended for disease control in settings with moderate to high Plasmodium falciparum transmission and currently depends on the administration of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine.
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Non-severe thermal burn injuries induce long-lasting downregulation of gene expression in cortical excitatory neurons and microgliaBurn injuries are devastating traumas, often leading to life-long consequences that extend beyond the observable burn scar. In the context of the nervous system, burn injury patients commonly develop chronic neurological disorders and have been suggested to have impaired motor cortex function, but the long-lasting impact on neurons and glia in the brain is unknown.
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Multipotent adult progenitor cells prevent functional impairment and improve development in inflammation driven detriment of preterm ovine lungsPerinatal inflammation increases the risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm neonates, but the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain largely unknown. Given their anti-inflammatory and regenerative capacity, multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPC) are a promising cell-based therapy to prevent and/or treat the negative pulmonary consequences of perinatal inflammation in the preterm neonate.
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A phase I clinical trial assessing the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of inhaled ethanol in humans as a potential treatment for respiratory tract infectionsCurrent treatments for respiratory infections are severely limited. Ethanol's unique properties including antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and surfactant-like activity make it a promising candidate treatment for respiratory infections if it can be delivered safely to the airway by inhalation. Here, we explore the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of inhaled ethanol in a phase I clinical trial.
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A health inequality analysis of childhood asthma prevalence in urban AustraliaLong-standing health inequalities in Australian society that were exposed by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic were described as "fault lines" in a recent call to action by a consortium of philanthropic organizations. With asthma a major contributor to childhood disease burden, studies of its spatial epidemiology can provide valuable insights into the emergence of health inequalities early in life.