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PCV10 elicits Protein D IgG responses in Papua New Guinean children but has no impact on NTHi carriage in the first two years of lifeNasopharyngeal colonisation with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is associated with development of infections including pneumonia and otitis media. The 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) uses NTHi Protein D (PD) as a carrier. Papua New Guinean children have exceptionally early and dense NTHi carriage, and high rates of NTHi-associated disease.
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Ovalbumin in breast milk is associated with a decreased risk of IgE-mediated egg allergy in childrenShowed for the first time that the presence of an egg-derived allergen in breast milk is associated with a reduced risk of egg allergy in children at 2.5 years of age
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Causes and Clinical Features of Childhood Encephalitis: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort StudyEpidemic viral infections predominated as causes of childhood encephalitis in Australia. The leading causes include vaccine-preventable diseases
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Assessing the unified airway hypothesis in children via transcriptional profiling of the airway epitheliumUpper and lower airways are conserved in their transcriptional composition, and variations associated with disease are present in both nasal and tracheal epithelium
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Interaction between filaggrin mutations and neonatal cat exposure in atopic dermatitisRecent birth cohort studies showed a significant interaction between cat ownership at birth and mutations in FLG on the development of early‐onset atopic dermatitis
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ApoB48-Lipoproteins Are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk in AdolescentsAdolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have increased incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors including dyslipidemia. Atherogenic apolipoprotein (apo) B-lipoprotein remnants are associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
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Quantification of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity by spectrophotometry: A systematic review and meta-analysisOur findings indicate that there is substantial variation in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase measurements by spectrophotometry between sites
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Asbestos-related diseasesThe main issues that led to the ban on asbestos in industry are those of malignancy: lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma of the pleura and of the peritoneum
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Association of Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures with Psychosis Onset in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Developing Psychosis: An ENIGMA Working Group Mega-analysisThe ENIGMA clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis initiative, the largest pooled neuroimaging sample of individuals at CHR to date, aims to discover robust neurobiological markers of psychosis risk. We investigated baseline structural neuroimaging differences between individuals at CHR and healthy controls as well as between participants at CHR who later developed a psychotic disorder (CHR-PS+) and those who did not (CHR-PS-).
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Malignant Melanoma in Children and Adolescents Treated in Pediatric Oncology Centers: An Australian and New Zealand Children’s Oncology Group (ANZCHOG) StudyUnlike adults, malignant melanoma in children and adolescents is rare. In adult melanoma, significant progress in understanding tumor biology and new treatments, including targeted therapies and immunotherapy have markedly improved overall survival. In sharp contrast, there is a paucity of data on the biology and clinical behavior of pediatric melanoma. We report a national case series of all pediatric and adolescent malignant melanoma presenting to ANZCHOG Childhood Cancer Centers in Australia and New Zealand.