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We aimed to evaluate the use of the EIMM-step method in a broad range of infants.

In this article, the Group Chairs of the Paediatric Assembly of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) highlight some of the most interesting abstracts presented at the 2016 ERS International Congress, which was held in London.

Highlight of some of the most interesting abstracts presented at the 2016 ERS International Congress, which was held in London

Early life lower respiratory tract illness impairs lung function at 1 year, independent of baseline lung function

Newborn screening (NBS) for cystic fibrosis (CF) provides an opportunity to commence management and therapeutic interventions significantly earlier

Preterm children have worse lung function than healthy controls

Lung function measures in a health, unsedated 1- and 2-year-old children in a South African birth cohort study

Key messages from the abstracts presented at the European Respiratory Society International Congress

Preterm birth is increasingly recognised as adversely influencing lifelong lung function. This Series paper on prematurity-associated lung disease reviews studies reporting longitudinal lung function measurements in individuals who were born preterm. Evidence suggests that preterm birth alters lung function trajectories from early life onwards, with implications for future respiratory morbidity. We propose that this population needs rigorous follow up that should include systematic monitoring of lung function across the lifespan, starting in childhood.

MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS) is an ultrarare, X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder that is poorly understood in terms of its natural history and phenotypic variability. There is limited information on how individuals with MDS acquire, retain or lose fundamental functional skills (gross motor, purposeful hand function and communication) - that of which this study aimed to better characterise in the largest case series to date.