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Research

Current Status of Schistosomiasis Control and Prospects for Elimination in the Dongting Lake Region of the People's Republic of China

Schistosomiasis japonica is an ancient parasitic disease that has severely impacted human health causing a substantial disease burden not only to the Chinese people but also residents of other countries such as the Philippines, Indonesia and, before the 1970s, Japan. Since the founding of the new People's Republic of China (P. R. China), effective control strategies have been implemented with the result that the prevalence of schistosomiasis japonica has decreased markedly in the past 70 years.

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The politics of picking: Selective vaccinators and population-level policy

Public health systems face tensions between individuals and the collective. Parents who selectively vaccinate demonstrate this tension

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Impact of Childhood Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Nonnotified Clinically Suspected Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Australia

This study provides a quantitative estimate of the total burden of invasive pneumococcal disease preventable by vaccination programs in Australia

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Antibiotic appropriateness and guideline adherence in hospitalized children: results of a nationwide study

Inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing in children was linked to specific risk factors, presenting opportunities for targeted interventions to improve prescribing

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Complicated skin and soft tissue infections in remote indigenous communities

The burden and consequences of skin infections for remote living indigenous people are high

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Meningococcal B vaccine and meningococcal carriage in adolescents in Australia

Among Australian adolescents, the 4CMenB vaccine had no discernible effect on the carriage of disease-causing meningococci, including group B

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Seasonal and regional patterns of lower leg cellulitis in Western Australia

In the warmer tropical regions of WA no seasonality was observed, but overall incidence of LLC presentations were higher

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Streptolysins are the primary inflammasome activators in macrophages during Streptococcus pyogenes infection

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a Gram-positive bacterial pathogen that causes an array of infectious diseases in humans. Accumulating clinical evidence suggests that proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-1beta signaling plays an important role in GAS disease progression.

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A cluster randomized trial of interferon ss-1a for the reduction of transmission of SARS-Cov-2: protocol for the Containing Coronavirus Disease 19 trial (ConCorD-19)

SARS-CoV-2 infection rapidly spreads in populations due to the high rates of community transmission. Interrupting the shedding of SARS-CoV-2 may reduce the incidence of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19).

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Australia needs a prioritised national research strategy for clinical trials in a pandemic: lessons learned from COVID-19

The emergence of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), sparking a global pandemic, has driven an imperative to quickly design and conduct treatment studies. We strongly propose a national, coordinated approach for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), future pandemics and inter-pandemic periods in Australia.