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The safety of co-administration of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and influenza vaccines

With the emergence of novel vaccines and new applications for older vaccines, co-administration is increasingly likely. The immunomodulatory effects of BCG could theoretically alter the reactogenicity of co-administered vaccines. Using active surveillance in a randomised controlled trial, we aimed to determine whether co-administration of BCG vaccination changes the safety profile of influenza vaccination.

Distinct Streptococcus pneumoniae cause invasive disease in Papua New Guinea

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a key contributor to childhood morbidity and mortality in Papua New Guinea (PNG). For the first time, whole genome sequencing of 174 isolates has enabled detailed characterisation of diverse S. pneumoniae causing invasive disease in young children in PNG, 1989-2014.

Discovering the Secrets of Ancient Plants: Recovery of DNA from Museum and Archaeological Plant Specimens

Plant DNA preserved in ancient specimens has recently gained importance as a tool in comparative genomics, allowing the investigation of evolutionary processes in plant genomes through time. However, recovering the genomic information contained in such specimens is challenging owing to the presence of secondary substances that limit DNA retrieval.

The Social and Emotional Well-being of Indigenous Peoples Living With Diabetes: A Systematic Review Protocol

Globally, Indigenous people have a greater incidence and earlier onset of diabetes than the general population and have higher documented rates of emotional distress and mental illness. This systematic review will provide a synthesis and critical appraisal of the evidence focused on the social and emotional well-being of Indigenous peoples living with diabetes, including prevalence, impact, moderators, and the efficacy of interventions.

What Works for Whom in School-Based Anti-bullying Interventions? An Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis

The prevalence of bullying worldwide is high (UNESCO, 2018). Over the past decades, many anti-bullying interventions have been developed to remediate this problem. However, we lack insight into for whom these interventions work and what individual intervention components drive the total intervention effects.

School bullying: moving beyond a single school response to a whole education approach

Bullying is an issue that continues to represent a significant challenge to the provision of pastoral care in schools. In more recent decades, it has evolved in its complexity to include forms of bullying often referred to as cyberbullying or online bullying.

Dysphagia in laryngomalacia: a prospective cohort study

Dysphagia is an under recognised co-morbidity in patients with laryngomalacia. Its rate is variable reported in the literature. We aim to describe the incidence of dysphagia in laryngomalacia, the effect of interventions on this, and the period it persists in these infants.

The effect of iron deficiency on quality of life outcomes after surgery for obstructive sleep apnoea

This study aimed to assess the effect of iron deficiency on parent-reported changes in quality of life (QOL) among children receiving an adenotonsillectomy for paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).

The short term safety of COVID-19 vaccines in Australia: AusVaxSafety active surveillance, February – August 2021

To assess the short term safety of the COVID-19 vaccines Comirnaty (Pfizer–BioNTech BNT162b2) and Vaxzevria (AstraZeneca ChAdOx1) in Australia.

Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis media

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), sometimes referred to as chronic otitis media (COM), is a chronic inflammation and often polymicrobial infection (involving more than one micro-organism) of the middle ear and mastoid cavity, characterised by ear discharge (otorrhoea) through a perforated tympanic membrane.