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The United Nation, recognizing the importance of nutrition as a part of the challenges faced by humanity, and declared 2016-2025 the decade of nutrition.

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Advances in science have illuminated the role of the “ecological theatre”—the total living environment—in human health

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Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in children, causes them considerable discomfort, as well as distress to parents and has a tendency to recur.

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Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is an important cause of heart disease in Indigenous people of northern and central Australia.

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Adverse outcomes for people with acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease and the effect of comorbidities and demographic factors on these outcomes

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The National Mental Health Survey of Doctors and Medical Students was conducted with the aims of understanding issues associated with the mental health of...

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Pneumonia is a leading cause of childhood mortality with Streptococcus pneumoniae a major contributor. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have been introduced into immunisation programs in many low- to middle-income countries yet there is a paucity of data evaluating the effectiveness in these settings. We assess the effectiveness of 13-valent PCV against hypoxic pneumonia, hospitalisation and other clinical endpoints in children <5 years living in Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea).

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Health information collected by governments can be a valuable resource for researchers seeking to improve diagnostics, treatments and public health outcomes.

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This study investigated dental hospitalisations in Western Australian (WA) children with intellectual disability (ID) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) aged up to 18 years.

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There is an increasing trend to prescribe ondansetron although its safety for use in pregnancy has not been established.

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Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collection is a non-invasive, safe method for measurement of biomarkers in patients with lung disease. Other methods of obtaining samples from the lungs, such as bronchoalveolar lavage, are invasive and require anaesthesia/sedation in neonates and infants. EBC is particularly appealing for assessing biomarkers in preterm-born infants, a population at risk of ongoing lung disease.

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This study was the first to concurrently identify middle ear pathogens in both bacterial biofilm and intracellularly in the middle ear mucosa of children and to identify extensive DNA stranding in the MEF from children with AOM

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Rheumatic heart disease affects more than 40.5 million people worldwide and results in 306,000 deaths annually. Echocardiographic screening detects rheumatic heart disease at an early, latent stage. Whether secondary antibiotic prophylaxis is effective in preventing progression of latent rheumatic heart disease is unknown.

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Despite the need for effective vancomycin therapy, there are few data guiding vancomycin monitoring in children. We reviewed retrospectively vancomycin use...

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The association between group A streptococcal infection and rheumatic fever (RF) was established in the early 20th century.

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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) accounts for approximately 80% of the acute leukemia (AL) overall cases per year in France. We report the results of a...

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Pregnancy and birth cohorts have been utilised extensively to investigate the developmental origins of health and disease, particularly in relation to...

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In this review, we evaluate the published methodologies to describe a noninvasive technique for the quantitative assessment of umbilical venous blood flow in...

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This commentary discusses the keys to empowering individuals & families to navigate the health, education, employment & social systems & to access relevant...