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The aim of this review was to map the literature assessing associations between maternal or infant immune or gut microbiome biomarkers and child neurodevelopmental outcomes within the first 5 years of life. We conducted a PRISMA-ScR compliant review of peer-reviewed, English-language journal articles.

The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) is a commonly used measure of child and adolescent functioning, which includes seven items that can be aggregated to provide a purportedly valid measure of sleep functioning. The objective of this study was to examine the convergent validity of the CBCL in a paediatric ADHD population and to evaluate the sensitivity of the instrument when benchmarked against the Sleep Disorders Scale for Children (SDSC).

Playful parenting is engaging & connecting with your child through different forms of play. Play is an enjoyable activity that is freely entered into, with a goal of shared joy.

Secure attachments help children build resilience, self-worth, emotion regulation skills and healthy relationships.

Research Assistant

Jaida Penny is an Indigenous Research Assistant with the Early Neurodevelopment and Mental Health team at The Kids Research Institute Australia.

Australian children aged 5 years and younger are exposed to more screen time (e.g., televisions, tables, and smartphones) than ever before.

Irritability is a common trait seen in children. While expressions of irritability are part of normal development, servere irritability is a known indicator of child and adolescent mental health problems.

Every year, over 80,000 Western Australian children will have a diagnosed mental health disorder.

Mental health problems are the most prevalent and expensive chronic condition affecting children.