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Breadth of immune response, immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety for a pentavalent meningococcal ABCWY vaccine in healthy adolescents and young adults

A multicomponent meningococcal serogroups ABCWY vaccine (MenABCWY) could provide broad protection against disease-causing meningococcal strains and simplify the immunisation schedule. 

FeBRILe3: Risk-Stratification and Diagnosis of Serious Bacterial Infections in Febrile Infants Less Than 3 Months Old

Evidence-based recommendations exist for early discharge (before 48 h) of young infants with fever without source (FWS) at low risk of serious bacterial infections (SBIs). However, concerns regarding the applicability of international data to local contexts may hinder implementation. We aimed to describe the local epidemiology of FWS and evaluate a newly implemented risk-stratification guideline to support practice change.

Australasian Bronchiolitis Guideline: 2025 Update

To provide updated evidence-based clinical guidance in the management of infants with bronchiolitis presenting to emergency departments (EDs), general paediatric, or intensive care units (ICUs) in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand (AoNZ) following the first publication in 2016.

A Novel Unadjuvanted Subunit Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Vaccine Induces Potent and Differentiated Functional Immune Responses Compared to AS01-Adjuvanted Arexvy in Older Adults

Licensed recombinant protein respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines can prevent substantial morbidity in older adults. However, revaccination to prevent waning protection may be suboptimal, prompting the exploration of candidates for heterologous boosting. In this clinical trial of RSV vaccine-naive older adults, we evaluated SCB-1019T, a novel unadjuvanted bivalent RSV prefusion F (preF) protein vaccine stabilized via Trimer-Tag technology, in comparison to the licensed AS01E-adjuvanted RSV vaccine Arexvy. 

Nuts For Babies Study: protocol for a randomised controlled trial in Australia

The predisposition to food allergy development and the induction of allergen-specific immune responses appears to be initiated early in infancy. Early exposure to food allergens, such as peanut and cashew nut, via human milk is likely important in initiating oral tolerance and reducing risk of food allergy development. This trial aims to determine if the risk of developing peanut and cashew nut allergy during infancy can be reduced by a high peanut and cashew nut maternal diet during lactation.

Feasibility, Safety, and Impact of the Probiotics Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis in Papua New Guinean Infants

Childhood mortality in low- or middle-income countries (LMICs) remains a major public health concern, with infections being a leading cause of infant death. Probiotics have shown promise in reducing infection-related morbidity and mortality in preterm infants, but their use in newborns born at or near term in LMICs requires further investigation.

The impact of obesity on influenza Vaccine immunogenicity - A systematic review

Influenza vaccines are important for reducing the burden of influenza, particularly for populations at risk of more severe infections. Obesity is associated with increased influenza severity and therefore individuals with obesity are often specifically recommended for annual influenza vaccination. Obesity is also associated with an altered inflammatory profile, which may influence vaccine responses. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the evidence for any association between obesity and influenza vaccine immunogenicity.

The role of Aboriginal leadership in community health programmes

There remains a glaring disparity between the health of an Australian Aboriginal child when compared with that of a non-Aboriginal Australian child. In recent years, studies have advocated for the adoption of culturally sensitive health care provision if significant improvements are to be made in the health of Australian Aboriginal children.

Immune impacts of infant whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccination on co-administered vaccines

We compared the effect of a heterologous wP/aP/aP primary series (hereafter mixed wP/aP) versus a homologous aP/aP/aP primary schedule (hereafter aP-only) on antibody responses to co-administered vaccine antigens in infants and toddlers.

Lessons from the first year of the WAIVE study investigating the protective effect of influenza vaccine

Influenza is major cause of paediatric hospitalisation. Influenza vaccine was offered to all children aged 6-59 months resident in Western Australia in 2008