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The role of family and maternal factors in childhood obesity

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between a child's weight and a broad range of family and maternal factors.

The effects of maternal smoking on early mucosal immunity and sensitization at 12 months of age

In this study, we examined the effects of maternal smoking as a major adverse exposure in early life, on mucosal immune function and allergen sensitization...

Conservation of gene expression patterns between the amniotic and nasal epithelium at birth

Amniotic epithelial cells are fetal-derived stem cells, capable of differentiating into all three germ layers, including mature epithelial cell populations. Here, we hypothesised that the amniotic epithelium might serve as a surrogate tissue source for investigating transcriptional profiles in the respiratory epithelium of newborns.

Longitudinal associations between maternal and child screen use at 1 year of age and child behavior and development at 3 years of age

Young children are increasingly exposed to evolving screen technology. International guidelines recommend no screen use for children under the age of 2 years, due to the potential for detrimental effects on behaviour and development. However, evidence for these guidelines is limited by inadequate consideration of device-specific effects (TV and mobile phone/tablet computer), maternal screen use, confounders such as maternal mental health and importance of effect sizes.

Influence of maternal and infant technology use and other family factors on infant development

Steve Desiree Zubrick Silva FASSA, FAAMHS, MSc AM PhD MBBS, FRACP, MPH, PhD Honorary Emeritus Research Fellow Co-Director, ORIGINS 08 6319 1409

Sex-based differences in long-term lipid metabolism, inflammation, and stress regulation after non-severe paediatric burns

Paediatric burn injuries are a global health concern with long-term health consequences, such as psychological, immune, and cardiovascular complications, that can persist even after non-severe injuries. Emerging evidence suggests that biological sex may influence post-burn outcomes in children, as female burn survivors have been shown to experience higher mortality, scarring, anxiety, depression, and poorer quality of life compared to males. 

Sex-Specific BMI Trajectories in Young People With Type 1 Diabetes: A 20-Year Retrospective Regional Audit

The rates of obesity and type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children and adolescents are increasing in many settings worldwide, but data on weight gain in this group are limited in New Zealand. We examined temporal body mass index (BMI) changes and associated factors in young people with T1D in a mixed urban-rural region.

Preliminary Evidence of Blood DNA Methylation Changes in Pregnant Women Adhering to a Mediterranean Diet

Consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MD) has been associated with reduced incidence of non-communicable diseases and reduced overall mortality, with epigenomic effects representing plausible mediators. The aim of this pilot study was to explore potential epigenetic associations between DNA methylation markers in blood and adherence to an MD in pregnancy.

Urinary Ferritin as a Noninvasive Means of Assessing Iron Status in Young Children

Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common nutritional deficiency affecting young children. Serum ferritin concentration is the preferred biomarker for measuring iron status because it reflects iron stores; however, blood collection can be distressing for young children and can be logistically difficult. A noninvasive means to measure iron status would be attractive to either diagnose or screen for ID in young children.

Retrospective Examination of Peripubertal Return for Patients of Western Australia's Gender Diversity Service

Children far in advance of pubertal development may be deferred from further assessment for gender-affirming medical treatment until nearer puberty. It is vital that returning peripubertal patients are seen promptly to ensure time-sensitive assessment and provision of puberty suppression treatment where appropriate.