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Research

Impaired Cytokine Responses to Live Staphylococcus epidermidis in Preterm Infants Precede Gram-positive, Late-onset Sepsis

Late-onset sepsis (LOS) with Staphylococcus epidermidis is common in preterm infants, but the immunological mechanisms underlying heightened susceptibility are poorly understood. Our aim is to characterize the ontogeny of cytokine responses to live S. epidermidis in preterm infants with and without subsequent Gram-positive LOS.

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Global molecular diversity of RSV – the “INFORM RSV” study

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a global cause of severe respiratory morbidity and mortality in infants. While preventive and therapeutic interventions are being developed, including antivirals, vaccines and monoclonal antibodies, little is known about the global molecular epidemiology of RSV. INFORM is a prospective, multicenter, global clinical study performed by ReSViNET to investigate the worldwide molecular diversity of RSV isolates collected from children less than 5 years of age.

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SCN1A Variants in vaccine-related febrile seizures: A prospective study

Pathogenic SCN1A variants may be identified in infants with vaccine-proximate febrile seizures

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Plasma cytokine profiles in very preterm infants with late-onset sepsis

Very preterm infants have a marked innate inflammatory response at the time of late-onset sepsis

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Exposure to chorioamnionitis alters the monocyte transcriptional response to the neonatal pathogen Staphylococcus epidermidis

Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to inflammation may alter the risk of sepsis in preterm infants partly by modulation of monocyte responses to pathogens

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Rationale and methods of a randomized controlled trial of immunogenicity, safety and impact on carriage of pneumococcal conjugate and polysaccharide vaccines in infants in Papua New Guinea

Vaccination trials in high endemicity areas are needed to provide evidence and guidance on idea strategies to protect children in these areas against infections

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Macrolides in children with community-acquired pneumonia: Panacea or placebo?

Pneumonia, most often caused by a respiratory virus, is common in childhood.

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Role of viral and bacterial pathogens in causing pneumonia among Western Australian children: A case-control study protocol

We aim to determine the contribute of bacteria and virus to childhood CAP to inform further development of effective strategies.

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Human alkaline phosphatase dephosphorylates microbial products and is elevated in preterm neonates with a history of late-onset sepsis

The aim of our study was to characterize the activity of TNAP on TLR agonists and assess the concentrations of plasma ALP during late-onset sepsis in newborns.

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Pertussis immunisation in infancy and atopic outcomes: A protocol for a population-based cohort study using linked administrative data

The burden of IgE-mediated food allergy in Australian born children is reported to be among the highest globally. This illness shares risk factors and frequently coexists with asthma, one of the most common noncommunicable diseases of childhood.