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Neonatal skin: barrier, immunity and infection prevention in the NICU

The neonatal skin is central to early survival and immune development. Far from being a passive mechanical barrier, it integrates physical, chemical, and microbial defences that together protect the infant in the immediate postnatal period. In preterm infants, structural immaturity, reduced antimicrobial capacity, and altered microbial colonisation confer heightened vulnerability to infection and inflammation.

Citation:
Strunk T, Steer J, Currie A. Neonatal skin: barrier, immunity and infection prevention in the NICU. Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine. 2025.

Keywords:
Antisepsis; Barrier function; Emollient; Infection prevention; Microbiome; Neonatal skin; Preterm

Abstract:
The neonatal skin is central to early survival and immune development. Far from being a passive mechanical barrier, it integrates physical, chemical, and microbial defences that together protect the infant in the immediate postnatal period. In preterm infants, structural immaturity, reduced antimicrobial capacity, and altered microbial colonisation confer heightened vulnerability to infection and inflammation.